Difference Between Male and Female Gametophyte

Thekey differencebetween male and female gametophyte depends on the type of cell which produces the two structures.Microsporesproduce the male gametophyte while macrospores produce the female gametophyte.

Male and female gametophytes arise from hetero spores. They give rise to the sexual reproduction cycle in algae and plants. However, these organisms also show alternation of generations between the sporophytic and the gametophytic generation. Male and female gametophytes produce their respective male and femalegametesthat are necessary for sexual reproduction. When two gametes fuse with each other, a diploid cell known as受精卵形成并持续发展为孢子产生。

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Male Gametophyte
3.What is Female Gametophyte
4.男性和女配子体之间的相似之处
5.Side by Side Comparison – Male vs Female Gametophyte in Tabular Form
6.概括

什么是男配子体？

The structure that produces the male gamete cells is the male gametophyte. The microspore gives rise to the male gametophyte via formation of the microsporangium. The male gametophyte is also calledantheridium. In gymnosperms where the main reproductive structure is the flower, the male gametophyte occurs in the pollen grains.

The male gametophyte found in plants and algae produces male reproductive cells that are usually motile and flagellated. These reproductive cells leave the gametophyte and undergo fertilization with the female gamete. The male gametes produced by the male gametophyte perform external fertilization in algae and requires an aquatic medium. In contrast, the male gametes produced from the male gametophyte of gymnosperms undergo internal fertilization inside the female gametophyte or the ovary.

What is Female Gametophyte?

The female gametophyte is the structure that produces female gamete cells in algae and plants. The female gametophyte arises from the megaspore via the formation of the megasporangium. Moreover, the female gametophyte undergoes meiosis to produce four haploid cells. One cell develops into the megaspore, which can give rise to the gametophyte.

In angiosperms, the female gamete produced by the female gametophyte undergoes triple fusion. The egg cell fuses with the male gamete to form the zygote. Moreover, the germ cell nucleus fuses with the two polar nuclei to form the triploid nucleus that develops into the endosperm.

The female gametophyte produces non- motile or less motile female gametes in both algae and plants. Therefore, female gametes are usually non-flagellated.

What are the Similarities Between Male and Female Gametophyte?

• Heterosporous plants produce both male and female gametophytes.
• Both algae and plants show these structures, which give rise to the phenomenon of alternation of generations.
• They represent the gametophyte generation of plants and algae.
• Moreover, both are derived from their respective spores.
• Furthermore, they produce gametes that are capable of undergoing sexual reproduction.

有什么差异erence Between Male and Female Gametophyte?

男配子体之间的关键区别在于有关配子体的推导。微孢子产生了男配子体，而巨质产生了女配子体。同样，雄性配子体的起源是微型携接，而雌性配子体的起源是巨型孢子虫。因此，我们也可以将其视为男配子体之间的差异。

The below infographic summarizes the difference between male and female gametophyte.

概括– Male vs Female Gametophyte

雄性配子体和女配子体代表配子植物的产生或单倍体的植物以及某些藻类。男配子植物会产生男配子，而女配子植物会产生女配子。男配子体之间的关键区别取决于每个配子体的推导。雄性配子体源自微孢子，而女配子体源自巨质。因此，两者都会产生将受精的配子在有性繁殖方式中产生新的生物。

Reference:

1. Skinner, Debra J, and Venkatesan Sundaresan. “Recent Advances in Understanding Female Gametophyte Development.” F1000Research, F1000 Research Limited, 20 June 2018,Available here.

Image Courtesy:

1. “Male Gametophyte Male Gametophyte Pinus Staminate Zoomed” By Iceclanl – Own work(CC BY-SA 3.0)通过Commons Wikimedia
2. “Angiosperm embryo sac diagram” By BlueRidgeKitties（CC由2.0）通过Flickr