硬与软磁性材料
磁性材料在与磁性有关的行业中非常重要。磁感应是将磁性材料转化为磁铁。硬磁性材料用于此类磁化过程。磁化概念在电磁理论和磁性等领域起着非常重要的作用。在磁化和磁性材料的概念上有适当的理解至关重要。在本文中,我们将讨论磁性,磁性感应以及哪些软磁性材料和硬磁性材料,它们的应用,相似性,最后是软磁料和硬磁料之间的差异。
什么是软磁材料?
为了理解软磁性材料的概念,必须首先具有磁性感应的背景知识。磁感应是外部磁场中材料磁化的过程。材料可以根据其磁性特性分类。顺磁性材料,磁通材料和铁磁材料仅举几例。还有一些较少的常见类型,例如抗铁磁材料和铁磁材料。仅在具有成对电子的原子中显示了diamagnetism。这些原子的总旋转为零。仅由于电子的轨道运动而产生磁性。当将磁性材料放置在外部磁场中时,它将产生与外部磁场的非常弱的磁场。顺磁性材料具有未配对电子的原子。 The electronic spins of these unpaired electrons act as small magnets, which are very stronger than the magnets created by the electron orbital motion. When placed in an external magnetic field, these small magnets align with the field to produce a magnetic field, which is parallel to the external field. Ferromagnetic materials are also paramagnetic materials with zones of magnetic dipoles in one direction, even prior to the external magnetic field is applied. When the external field is applied, these magnetic zones will align themselves parallel to the field so that they would make the field stronger. Ferromagnetism is left in the material even after the external field is removed, but paramagnetism and diamagnetism vanishes as soon as the external field is removed. The soft magnetic materials are a part of the ferromagnetic material family. The soft magnetic materials show strong magnetic properties in an external magnetic field but lose the magnetism after the external field is removed. This causes a leaf like hysteresis curve.
什么是硬磁性材料?
在暴露于外部场时,硬磁料比软磁性材料具有强大的磁化功能。即使去除外场之后,硬磁性材料也将包含磁性。这些用于创建永久磁铁。硬磁性材料的磁滞回路几乎是正方形的。
硬磁料和软磁料有什么区别? •硬磁料比软磁性材料具有更强的磁性化。 •硬磁性材料即使在除去外场之后也能够容纳磁性,但是软磁性材料没有这种能力。 |
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