核心与处理器
如果您不精通计算机，处理器和核心之间的区别可能是一个令人困惑的话题。处理器或CPU就像计算机系统的大脑。它负责所有核心功能，例如算术，逻辑和控制操作。诸如奔腾处理器之类的传统处理器在处理器内部只有一个核心，但是现代处理器是多核处理器。多核处理器在处理器软件包内有多个内核，其中核心是处理器的最基本计算单元。核心一次只能执行一个程序指令（如果有超线程功能可用，则可以执行多个），但是由多个内核制成的处理器可以根据内核的数量同时执行多个指令。
什么是处理器？
Processor that is also known as the Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the most important part of a computer system which is responsible for executing program instructions. These instructions involve arithmetical, logical, control and input-output operations. Traditionally a processor consists of a component called Arithmetic and Logical Unit (ALU), which is responsible for all arithmetical and logical operations and another component called Control Unit (CU) which is responsible for all control operations. Also, it has a set of registers to store values. Traditionally a processor could execute only one instruction at a time. Processors which only have one core in them are called single core processors. The Pentium series is an example for single core processors.
然后引入了多核处理器，单个处理器中有几个处理器称为核心。因此，双核处理器在处理器内部有两个内核，而四核处理器内部有四个内核。因此，多层处理器就像一个软件包，其中包含几个处理器，其中包括其中的内核。这些多层处理器可以根据内核数同时执行多个指令。
除芯外，处理器还具有将设备连接到外界的接口。多层处理器还具有将所有内核连接到外界的接口。此外，它还有最后一个级别cache这就是所有核心共有的L3缓存。此外，处理器可以包含存储器控制器和输入输出控制器，但根据体系结构有时可以位于处理器外部的芯片组中。进一步某些处理器具有图形处理单元（GPU）在他们的内部，GPU也由小且功能较小的核心制成。
What is a Core?
A core is the basic computational component of a processor. Several cores together make up a processor. A core consists of several basic parts. Arithmetic and Logic Unit is responsible for carrying out all arithmetic and logical operations. Control Unit is responsible for all control operations. The set of registers stores the values temporarily. If a core does not have the facility called hyper-threading it can execute only one program instruction at a time. However, modern cores have a technology called hyper threading where a core has redundant functional units that make them capable of executing several instructions parallel. Inside a core, there are two levels of caches calledL1 cache and L2 cache. L1 is the closest one which is the fastest but smallest. L2 cache is after the L1 cache where it is a bit large but slower than L1. These caches are faster memories that store data to and from the Random Access Memory (内存）计算机可提供更快，高效的访问。
What is the difference between Processor and Core?
• A core is the most basic computational unit of a processor. A processor is made up of one or more cores. Tradition processors had only one core while modern processors have multiple cores.
•核心由ALU，CU和一组寄存器组成。
• A core consists of two levels of caches called L1 and L2 which is there in each core.
• A processor consists of a cache that is shared by call cores called L3 cache. It is common to all cores.
• A processor depending on the architecture can consist of a memory controller and an input/output controller.
•某些处理器软件包也包括图形处理单元（GPU）。
•没有超线程的核心一次只能执行一项指令，而由多个内核组成的多层处理器可以并行执行多个指令。如果处理器由4个不支持超线的内核组成，则该处理器可以同时执行4个指令。
• A core having hyper-threading technology has redundant functional units so that they can execute multiple instructions at a time. For example, a core with 2 threads can execute 2 instructions at the same time hence a processor with 4 such cores can execute 2×4 instructions parallel. These threads are usually called logical cores and the task manager of Windows generally show the number of logical cores but not the physical cores.
Summary:
Processor vs Core
A core is the most basic computational unit of a processor. A modern multicore processor consists of several cores inside them, but early processors had only one core. A core consists of its own ALU, CU and its set of registers. A processor is made of one or more such cores. A processor package also contains the interconnections that interface the cores to the outside. Depending on the architecture a processor can also contain an integrated GPU, IO controller and a memory controller. A dual core processor has 2 cores and a quad core processor has 4 cores as the name itself suggests. A core can execute only one instruction at a time (few if hyper-threading is available) but a multicore processor can execute instructions parallel as each core acts as an independent CPU.
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