分解代谢与合成代谢
人们对人体代谢过程的知识主要是由于复杂性,而合成代谢和分解代谢是其中的两个重要过程。由于对这些过程的理解不足,这两个术语很容易使任何人混淆。因此,遵循一些信息只会有益,本文试图以简洁明了的方式讨论这些信息。本文末尾的比较区分了合成代谢和分解代谢之间的一些重要差异。
什么是分解代谢?
在理解分解代谢,最好是consider the overall metabolic process, and the molecules are being technically burnt to extract the energy. The cellular respiration is a catabolic process, and mainly glucose and fats are reacted with oxygen for burning to release energy as ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Usually, catabolism operates on burning monosaccharides and fats, and very small amount of proteins or amino acids are used to burn for capturing energy. Catabolism is an oxidation process, during which some part of the energy is released as heat. The generated heat through catabolism is important for the maintenance of the body heat. Carbon dioxide is a main waste product of the cellular respiration or the catabolism. Those waste products are transferred into the venous blood stream via capillaries, and then moved into the lungs for exhalation. The growth and development of the cells of the organisms require a great amount of ATPs, and the entire ATP requirement is fulfilled via cellular respiration. Therefore, catabolism carries a great importance in producing energy. In other words, catabolism is an essential metabolic process to extract the chemical energy from food.
什么是代谢?
代谢是一种代谢途径,对所有生物都至关重要。合成代谢的总体含义很简单,因为它构造了来自小基础单元的分子。在合成代谢过程中,使用ATP的存储能量。因此,很明显,合成代谢需要分解代谢产生的能量。蛋白质合成是合成代谢过程的一个主要例子,在合成代谢过程中,氨基酸通过肽键将氨基酸连接在一起形成大型蛋白质分子,并且该过程使用了从分解代谢产生的ATP。人体的生长,骨骼的矿化和肌肉质量增加是其他合成代谢过程。所有代谢过程均根据人体的生物钟通过激素(合成代谢类固醇)来控制。因此,代谢活动的变化是相关的,并且在生态学中很重要,因为有些动物在夜间活跃,而在白天则有些。通常,在睡眠或休息期间,合成代谢活动更有功能。
What is the difference between代谢和分解代谢? 合成代谢和分解代谢都是代谢过程,但两者彼此相反。 •分解代谢产生能量,但代谢使用能量。 •在分解代谢途径中,大分子分解为小单体,而在合成代谢中,小分子相互连接,形成大分子。 •分解代谢独立于合成代谢。但是,代谢需要通过分解代谢产生的ATP。 • Catabolism is functional at a higher rate during an activity, which needs energy to contract muscles, while anabolism is more functional during sleeping or resting. •分解代谢过程倾向于使用储存的食物产生能量,而合成代谢过程可能形成,修复和提供组织和器官。 |
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